Civometry calculation
Police use of force reports per 1,000 residents by self-defined or officer-perceived ethnicity
Police use of force reports in England and Wales (Home Office use of force Table 4a), per 1,000 usual residents in the same ethnic group (ONS Census 2021, TS021 broad groups).
How it is calculated
- Numerator
- Police use of force reports by self-defined or officer-perceived ethnicity · split by self-defined or officer-perceived ethnicity
- Denominator
- Census 2021 ethnic group (five broad groups) · split by Ethnic group
- Formula
- numerator ÷ denominator × 1,000
- Result is measured in
- per 1,000 residents
- Which population is used
- latest census on or before numerator period (Census 2021)
- Suppressed when
- the numerator is below 10 or the population below 1,000, so small numbers are not published as rates
How the categories are matched
The two sources do not use the same category names. Every numerator category is mapped to exactly one denominator category, and nothing is merged or dropped silently.
| In the numerator | Matched to |
|---|---|
| Asian (or Asian British) | Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh |
| Black (or Black British) | Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African |
| Mixed | Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups |
| White | White |
| Other | Other ethnic group |
Not matched: Not reported. These records have no population to divide by, so no rate is calculated for them. They are shown as counts rather than hidden.
What it covers
England and Wales including British Transport Police; years ending March from the first period ending on or after Census day 2021.
What this calculation cannot tell you
- A report is one person in one incident; a person can be the subject of several reports in a year.
- Ethnicity is self-defined where given and otherwise officer-perceived; the two are not separated in the published table.
- Reports where ethnicity was not reported have no denominator and are shown as their own row.
- The denominator is the resident population on 21 March 2021 for every year; crude rates only.
Check it yourself
Every calculated value stores the numerator, the denominator and the identifiers of the two official observations it came from. Open the numerator and denominator above, take the figures for the same period and category, and apply the formula. If you get a different answer, tell us where it diverges.